Calculations of density from the X-ray diffraction data may produce the most reliable data for these elements, giving a value of 22.587 ☐.009 g/cm 3 for osmium, slightly denser than the 22.562 ☐.009 g/cm 3 of iridium both metals are nearly 23 times as dense as water, and 1 + 1⁄ 6 times as dense as gold. Osmium has a blue-gray tint and is the densest stable element it is approximately twice as dense as lead and narrowly denser than iridium. Characteristics Physical properties Osmium, remelted pellet It is estimated to be about 0.6 parts per billion in the universe and is therefore the rarest precious metal. Osmium is among the rarest elements in the Earth's crust, making up only 50 parts per trillion ( ppt). Manufacturers use its alloys with platinum, iridium, and other platinum-group metals to make fountain pen nib tipping, electrical contacts, and in other applications that require extreme durability and hardness. When experimentally measured using X-ray crystallography, it has a density of 22.59 g/cm 3. Osmium is the densest naturally occurring element. It is a hard, brittle, bluish-white transition metal in the platinum group that is found as a trace element in alloys, mostly in platinum ores. Osmium (from Ancient Greek ὀσμή ( osmḗ) 'smell') is a chemical element with the symbol Os and atomic number 76.
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